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Opportunistic Infections
When our immune system is working properly, it
controls all the bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses that are in
our bodies naturally. When our immune system is weakened by an
autoimmune disease like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or the
medications used to treat it, these germs can get out of control and
cause infection. Infections that take advantage of this
weakened state are known as
opportunistic infections.
Below are some of the most common
opportunistic infections.
If you suspect you may have one of these or you are on
immunosuppressives and are experiencing fever, chills, sore throat,
swollen glands, or any other sign of infection let your doctor know.
Also practice good hygiene, wash your hands frequently, avoid
contact with people with infections, make sure you are up to date on
all vaccines (including a flu shot every year and a pneumonia shot
every 5 years) (not live vaccines), and practice safe food handling procedures.
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Candidiasis (Yeast Infection/Thrush) -
This is a fungal infection that can affect the mouth, throat or
vagina. Symptoms include itching, burning or soreness.
Sometimes there are no apparent symptoms. Anti-fungal
medications, either over-the-counter or prescription are used to
treat this infection.
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Herpes Simplex - This virus includes both
oral herpes (cold sores) and genital herpes). These are
fairly common viruses but if you are immunocompramised,
outbreaks may be more severe and more frequent.
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Herpes Zoster (Shingles) - This is a
reactivation of the chickenpox virus. After you have
chickenpox the virus lies dormant in your body. Being
immunocompramised can cause the virus to reactivate causing an
outbreak of rash or blisters on the skin. The first sign
is typically pain, itching, burning or tingling in one
particular area on only one side of the body. The rash
breaks out a few days later. This can be extremely painful
and usually lasts several weeks. Antiviral medication
should be prescribed as early as possible to reduce the risk of
the painful after affects known as postherpetic neuralgia that
can last for months or even years.
more info...
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Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) - This is a
fungal infection that causes pneumonia. This can be very
dangerous. Symptoms include high fever, non-productive
cough, shortness of breath, weight loss and night sweats.
Steroids and antibiotics are usually used to treat PCP.
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Salmonella - This is a bacteria that can
cause typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever and food borne illness.
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Staphylococcus Aureus (Staph Infection) -
This is a bacteria that can cause a range of illnesses from
minor skin infections and abscesses, to life-threatening
diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, and Toxic shock syndrome
(TSS).
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